Ramesh Chowdhary on Efficacy of Implant Thread Design for Bone Stimulation

................................................................. 15 INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 18 Dental Implants ....................................................................18 The bone tissue response to titanium implants ..........................19 Integration of turned titanium implants in bone .........................19 Biomechanics and Implants ....................................................21 Functions of Implants (Force Transfer). ................................21 Impact of occlusal overload. ..............................................22 Biting Forces Generated on Implants ..................................24 Design Elements Affecting Force Transfer and Osseointegration Quality .......................................................25 History of Design ............................................................25 Methods for the Assessment (Mechanical Tests, Histology) .....25 Effects of Shape, Diameter, and Length ...............................27 Effects of Thread Design/Geometry. ...................................29 AIMS ......................................................................... 31 In vitro ................................................................................31 In vivo .................................................................................31 MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................... 32 In vitro ................................................................................32 Geometry .......................................................................33 FE mesh ..........................................................................33 Boundary conditions: ......................................................35 In vivo .................................................................................36 Prototype implant preparation ..........................................36 Implant surface analysis ...................................................38 Surgical procedures ........................................................39 Removal Torque Analysis ..................................................40 Surgical procedures for histomorphometric analysis .............40 Histologic processing and histomorphometry .......................40 Statistics .............................................................................41 RESULTS ..................................................................... 42 In vitro ................................................................................42 In vivo .................................................................................46 DISCUSSION ............................................................... 54 In vitro ...........................................................................54 In vivo ..........................................................................57 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................... 62 In vitro ...........................................................................62 In vivo ...........................................................................62 FUTURE PERSPECTIVE .................................................... 64 POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING .................. 65 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................... 68 REFERENCES .............................................................. 70 PAPERS I – IV ............................................................... 81